Governing means for elastic-fluid turbines.



C. W. DAKE. GOVERNING MEANS I'OHELASTIC FLUID TURBINES,

APPLICATION TILED D110. 16. 1907,

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0 w, "mm. GOVERNING MEANS FOR ELASTIC FLUID TURBINES APPLICATION TILPDDEC. 15, 1907.

Patensed Aug. 3, 1909.

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APPLIQATION FILED DEG.16,1U7.

Patented Aug. 3,1909.-

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G. W. DAKE. GOVERNING MEANS FOR ELASTIC FLUID TURBINES. APPLICATIONPILED DEG.16,1907

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Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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lTED STATES PATENT caries.

CHARLES W. DAKE, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THEFAKE-AlirERI- CAN STEAM TURBINE COMPANY, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ACORPORATION OF MICHIGAN. I

GDYEBNING MEANS FOR ELASTIC-FLUID TUBBINES.

1 Specification er Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

Application filed. December 16, 1907. Serial No. 406,723.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that l, CnARLEsVV. DAKE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent, State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and usetulrlmproveinents in Governing Means forElastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification. Thisinvention relates to improvements in governingmeans for elastic fluidturbines, although. the governor is well adapted for I steam enginesgenerally.

- The objects of this invention are: first, to provide a 'overnor whichis simple, effective and rehab e n operation; second, to provide --anin; roved construction of governing means orthe supply to the nozzles ofelastic fluid turbine engines which will effectively cut off the nozzleand turn it on full capacity, thus avoiding the waste due to theinefficiency of operating such a nozzle with th1rd,'to'provide aneffective means of controlling the admissionof the motive to a turbineinjets or blasts of such duration as are required to give a constantpredetermined speed to the turbine under varying conditions of load; andfourth, to provide an improved mechanism whereby a driving means isefiectively controlled and regulated to cut off or turn on the fullsupply of steam or elastic fluid to a nozzle or series of nozzles.Further objects, and objects pertaining to more details, will be readilyunderstood from the detailed description to follow.

Iaccomplish the objects of ni'y'invention by the devices and meansdescribed in the The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in theclaims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearlyillustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of thisspecification in which:

Figure l is an end elevation of an elastic fluid turbine, a portion ofthe same being broken away; Fig. 2 is a detail longitudinal sectionalelevation view through the governing mechanism, portions of the case,and

turbine'rotor, taken on a line corresponding to line Zt.-X of Flgs. land 4, showing the shaft and governor weights in full lines and theadjacent parts in section; Fig. 3 is a detail partial longitudinalsectional view taken on a line corresponding to line y-y of Figs. 1 and4, showing details of the clutch mechanism; Fig. 4 is a detail partialsectional plan view taken on a line corresponding to line ZZ of Figs. 1,2 and 3, showing detailed the ovcrnor mechanism, clutch and governor vave, and the connections between the same; Fig. 5 is a detail partialsectional view taken on a line corresponding to the irregular line $S ofFigs. 1 and i, showing details of the governor valve; Fig. 6 is anenlarged detail sectional view, being a part of the clutch mechanism ofFig. 3, showin the details of construction of one of the dogs andadjacent parts; Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on aline corresponding to line BB of Fig.

3, showing further details of the clutch mechanism; Fig. 8 is a sideelevation vlew of the clutch mechanism, which is seetioned in Fig. 7,the elevation being taken from the right-hand of the parts as theyappear in Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is a perspective side view of the rotatingplate 22 of the clutch mechanism with its actuating dog or tooth 23;Fig. 10 is a side perspective view of the disengaging cam plate 28 ofthe clutch mechanism; Fig. 11 is a detail transverse sectional view ofthe governor valve appearing in Figs. 4 and 5, in the open position;Fig. 12 is asimilar detail transverse sectional view of the saidgovernor valve, showing it in its closed position; Fig. 13 is a detailclevation view of one of the trip dogs 21 which actuates the'clutch forclosing the governor valve; and Fig. 14 is a detail elevation view ofone of the trip dogs 30 which actuates the clutch in opening thegovernor valve.

In the drawing, the sectional views are taken looking in the directio ofthe little arrows at the ends of the sect on lines, and

similar numerals of reference refer lto simisleeve or bushing 6. Asuitable casing 7 extends from the rotor case 1 to embrace this bearing,said casing being of such dimensions as to properly contain the variousparts of the cated the revoluble governor weights 11, which are adjustedto the particular speed governor valve, which is thrown into gear thepipe 26 to the places 'where such lubriing means and for the lubricationof the; I

shaft. An oil shelf 8 and an oil rin 9 are provided for the purpose oflubricating the shaft 4.

A casing 10 is secured to the casing 7, extending in axial line with theshaft 4, and its bearings, and within this casing are 10- desired. Thestem 12 connected to the governor weights 11 is connected to an arm 13by suitable pivot and actuates a rock shaft 14, on which is a rock shaftarm 15. The rock shaft 14 is supported by a bracket or hanger 16 on thecasing 10. The lever 15 is bifurcated and embraces the clutch device andis the means of actuating the same, being provided with actuating blocks17 and 18 for that purpose, which actuating blocks are made of hardenedsteel to withstand the wear. It will be seen that the action of thegovernor weights 11 will control effectively this lever mechanism andswing'the lever 15 up or down as the speed varies from the predeterminedpoint at which the governor Weights are set.

A driving means independent of the governorweights is provided foractuating the by the action of the governor weights. This consists of aworm 19 on the rotor shaft 4, which acts on the worm gear 20, which iscarried on a shaft 21. The worm gear 20 dips'into the oil in the oilchamber and is constantly lubricated thereby. On the lefthand end ofthis shaft, as appears in Fig. 4, is a disk 22 provided with, a dog ortooth 23, which constantly revolves with the said shaft whenever theturbine is in motion. On the opposite end of the shaft 21 is a rotarypump 24, acting in the pump casing 25 to circulate oil and deliver itout through cant may be needed. A plate 27 closes the opposite side ofthis motor case and affords a support for the fixed cam-plate 28, whichhas oppositely-arranged cams 28 thereon.

A flange or disk 29, which carries the dogs 30'and 81, of the clutchmechanism, is supported on a shaft 33, which is arranged axially and endto end with the shaft 21. This clutch'mechanism is for the purpose ofintermittently coupling the shaft 21 to the shaft 33 for the purpose ofactuating the governor valve. The dogs 30 and 31 are arranged in lateralapertures in the flange support for the said dogs, and 'there isprovided for each of the said dogs a frictional block or pin 34, whichis urged into engagement with the said blocks by the spring 35, the saidspring being adjustable by a screw 36 which forms an abutment therefor.

Little depressions 34 are formed in the sides of each of the dogs forengagement by the respective friction'blocks or pins 34. A hollowbalanced rotary governor valve 37 is provided on the shaft 33 and issecured thereto by a pin 33, the end of the shaft 33 being squared toinsert into the valve so that it Will engage the same and cause it torotate. This valve is provided with opposite ports 37 and is located ina valve casing'38, where it is revolved by the mechanism heretoforedescribed. A supply pipe 39 delivers steam or elastic 'fluid to the endof the casing, and the steam or elastic fluid is delivered through theports 37 of the valve through ports 38 of the valve casing to thepassage 40, leading to the turbine nozzles. By referring to Figs, 11 and12, it will be seen that as the valve is advanced onequarter of arevolution at a step, it opens and closes successively, so that when thevalve stands open if it is turned one-quarter way, it will be entirelyshut oil", and when entirely shut oil, if turned another onequarter, itwill be thrown wide open. The actuating blocks 17, and 18 for actuatingthe clutch dogs are notched longitudinally, the block 17 being notchedat 17 on the right-hand side, as appears in Fig. 7, and the block 18being notched on the left-hand side at 18', as appears in thesame-figure, and as is also clearly illustrated in Figs. 8, 13and 14.These blocks act upon the dogs 30 and 31 to force them inwardly, theinner ends of the dogs being formed into catches 30 and 31 respectively,to be engaged by the dog or tooth 23 on the disk 22, the said catchesbeing beveled at the back so that the? dogs 30 are notched ontheleft-hand side's/t 30 as'clearly appears in Figs. 7, 8,13 and 14. Thebifurcations of the forked lever 15 are separated a distance somewhat inexcess of the outside diameter of the clutch ring 29 (Figs. 3 and 6)orflange 29, f and are positioned and guided to act upon these dogssuccessively. v

When the motive fluid is admitted to the turbine the wheel or rotor be"ns to revolve until it reaches the speed or which the weights of thegovernor are set; Then the centrifugal force developed by such weightscarries the lever 13 back by means of the connection 12, which rocks theshaft Y14 and causes the forked end of the lever 15 to rise. This causesthe block 18 to contact with the dog 30, forcing it inwardly toward thecenter of the clutch mechanism, so that the catch 30 on the inner endthereof projects into the path traversed by the rotating dog 23 in thedisk 22. This dog 23 carries the clined loam 28 neon-as dog 30 fonwardwith it up the stationary inof the cam disk 28, which causes these:parts to disengage because of the action of the said cam. This carriesthe .plate29 a one-fourth revolution, turns the shaft 33 one-quarter Wayand, by so doing, closes the cut-off vaiv'e37. The dogs 30 i havingtraveledtheir full quarterdistance 'gagedlby the dog '23,

the incline of the cam 28 25 .enters the'turbine at full head.

- from which it may be drained for no material length of time zles beoperatmg with the governor partially and been released by the cam 28,

the dogs 31 will be bronghtinto position.

The opposite halves of these dogs 31 project, they being notched at=31as heretofore described, and they are in position to be acted upon bythe wear trip or actuating block 17 of the bifurcated lever. 1 W hen thespeed of the turbine rotor decreases, the governor weights will reversethe motion of the lever 13, pulling it forward, which will cause thelever 15 to move downwardly, which causes the block 17 t0 engage the dog31 and forces its catch 31 into the path of the rotating dog 23. Whenthe catch 31 it will be carried up one-quarter turn,

'untilit is released. This will tu the shaft 33 one-quarter way over,which .will rotate the governor valve '37 one-quarter way and open itagain, so that the motivefluid again In this connection, I desire toremark that I have provided a deflecting collar 41 on the rotor shaft 4,(-otiperating with the flange 42 of the oasmg to collect any water thatmay pass along the shaft 4 and deliver it into a chamber 43 through anaperture 44. This revents the water passing over into the 0i chamber. Iprovide a drainage aperture 45 for the oil chamber.

Fromthis it will be seen that the operation of my improved governingmeans for turbines is very effective and that it entirely opens orcloses the governor valve, so that will the nozclosed or restricted, andas the nozzles only operate with the greatest economy when under full.pressure for which they are des gned, the advantage of my improvedgovernor is very clear.

The governor valve and the clutch mechanism might be designed to move ashorter distance than a one-fourth turn, or for. any portion of arevolution, and :be very effective for the purpose, but I believe thatas designed they are simplest and best.

My improved clutch mechanism might also very well be connected tooperate any kind of a governor valve, although clearly it is especiallyadapted to the rotary bal-r anced valve which I have illustrated.

secure by Letturbines, the combination of the casing l;

of this dog 31 is en.

ported in suitable bearings;

clutch mechanism into a turbine wheel 3; a turbine shaft 4 supported insuitable bearings; a speed responsivedevice, connected to be driven bythe said turbine; a rockshaft 14; a worm on the said-turbine shaft; aworm gear 20 meshing with the worm l9 on'said turbine shaft; a suitableshaft 21 for supporting the said worm gear; a cylindrical rotarybalanced governor valve 37, having a central stem 33; suitable passagesleading therefrom to the turbine nozzles; a-clutch mechanism interposedbetween the shaft 21 of the said Worm gear and the central stem 33 tothe said rotary valve 37 double sets of dogs 30 and 31. located indifierent positions in said clutch mechanism, arranged to throw the saidclutch into gear, one set of dogs being arranged to move the governorvalve to the closed position and the other set being arranged to move itto the open position; a bifurcated arm 15 on the said rock shaft 14,embracing the said clutch mechanism, arranged to act on one set of dogswhen moved in one direction and on the other set of dogs when moved inthe opposite direction, whereby the governor weights control. said armand move it up and down; and stationary cams for acting upon said dogsto withdraw the same at a predetermined point after the have been actedupon by the governor weig ts connected to release the said clutch,whereby the governor valve is opened and closed alternately in governingthe engine, for the purpose specified.

2. In aigovernin means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination ofthe casing l; a turbine wheel .3; a turbine shaft 4 sup:

a speed responsive device connected to be driven by the said turbine; aworm on said turbine shaft; a worm gear supported on a suitable shaftand revoluble in one direction only, meshing with the worm on saidturbine shaft; a-cylindrical rotary balanced governor valve 37 having acentral stem 33; suitable passages leading therefrom to the turbinenozzles; a clutch mechanism on the shaft of said worm gearinterposedbetween the said worm gear and the said rotary valve 37 todrive it in one direction only; and connections: to the governor weightsfor throwing the said gear for governing the governor valve, for thepurpose specified. 3. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines,the combination of the casing l; a turbine wheel 3; a turbine shaft &supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive device connected tobe driven by the said turbine; a worm on the said turbine shaft; a wormgear on the said turbine shaft; a governor valve for controlling thepassages leading to the turbine nozzles, arranged to be acted upon bythe said worm gear a clutch mechanism interposed between 'thworm gnarand, l

meshing with the worm the said rotary valve 37; double sets of dogs 2 ,0and 31 located in different positions in said clutch mechanism, arrangedto throw the said clutch into gear, one set of dogs 3. being arranged tomove the governor valve to the closed position and the other set beingarranged to move it to the open position; a bifurcated arm 15 on thesaid rock shaft 14, embracing the said clutch mechanism,

1 arranged to act on one set of dogs when -a turbine wheel 3; a turbineshaft 4 supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive device,connected to be driven bythe said turbine; a worm on the said turbineshaft; a worm gear 20, supported on a suitable shaft and revoluble inone direction only, meshing with the worm on said turbine shaft; agovernor valve for controlling the passages leadin to the turbinenozzles, arranged to be acte upon by the said worm gear; a clutchmechanism on the shaft of said worm gear,interposed between the saidworm gear and the said rotary valve 37 to driveitin one direction only;and connections to the governor weights for throwing the saidclutchmechanism into gear for governing the governor valve, for the purposespecified.

5. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination witha casing of a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsivedevice connected to be driven by the said turbine; a gearing on saidshaft; a-

governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the saidgovernor valve for actuating the valve; connections from the governorWeights to the said clutch mechanism; a plurality of'dogdevices for theclutch mechanism; and connections to the governor weights to act uponone set of the said dogs for throwing-the clutch into gear.

to move the valve to'the-open and on the other set of dogs togthrow' thechitchvinto gear to throw the valve to the closed posi- .tion inresponse toth eaction of the governor weights, 'coacti-ng substantiallyscribed and for thepurposespecified.

6; In a governing means forelastic fiuid turbines, the combination ofthe casingt'a turbine wheel 3 therein; a turbine shaft 4 supported insuitable bearings; 21 speed responsive device connected to be driven by.

the said turbine; a governor valve; means for connecting said governorvalve with the turbine shaft, a clutch mechanism being interposed in theconnections between the said turbine shaft and the governor valve; arock shaft. 1%; connections from the governor weights to the said rockshaft; .a bifurcated rock shaft arm carried by the said rock shaft to bemoved up and down by the action of the governor weights, the saidbifurcations embracing the clutch mechanism to control the same forregulating the governor valve, for the purpose specified.

7. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination ofthe casing; a turbine wheel within the same; a turbine shaft supportedinsuitable bearings; a speed responsive device actuated by the said shaft;a worm on the said shaft; a worm gear meshin with said worm andsupported on a suitable shaft; a governor valve controlled from theshaft of the said worm gear; a clutch mechanism on the shaft of saidworm gear and interposed between the said worm gear and the governorvalve; and connections from the said clutch to the said governor weightswhereby the governor valve is controlled, as specified.

8. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination witha casing; aturbine wheel and suitable shaft; 'a speed responsive deviceconnected to be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft: agovcrnor valve; a clutch mechanism be ween the said gearing and the saidgovernor valve, for actuating the valve intermitt ntly, consisting ofthe driving shaft 21, the diskQQ with a tooth 23 thereon, secured to thesaid shaft, a stationary plate bearing a cam-plate; 28 with the oppositecams 28 thereon, said camplate being arranged parallel to the revolve ing dislcQQ, a shaft 33 hearing the disk 29 supporting aring 29 on itsface, for controlling said governor valve, radially arranged sets'ofdogs 30 and 31 in said ring, the dogs 30 being provided with teeth 30'on the inner end for engaging with the tooth" 23 onv the disk 22 andhaving its left-hand outer end portion cut away at 30",the function ofsaid dogs being to close the governor lac valve, the dogs 31 beingvprovided with teeth 31 at their outer ends to be engaged by the tooth 23of the disk 22 for opening the gov; ernor valve, the said dogs being cutaway on the right-hand side at 31 at their "outer ends, the said teeth30' and 31'being beveled on their backs to be acted upon by'cams 28 28for disengaging them from the tooth 23 after a quarterrevolution; abifurcated member 15 having actuating blocks 17 and 18, the one cut awayon the right-hand side "air! and the other on the left-hand at 18" andembracing the clutch mechanism to act upon the said dogs alternately:and connections from the bifurcated memb to the goveso ,ces

ernor weight mechanism for controlling the said bifurcated member to actupon the said dogs to throw them into gear for the transmission of powerfrom the driving shaft to control the governor valve, and a friction pin34 to engage a depression 34: in the side of each of the dog members and31 to hold them yieldingly in position, all coacting for the purposespecified.

'9. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combinationwith a casing; a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsivedevice connected to be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft;a governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and thesaid governor valve for actuating the valve intermittently, consistingof the driving shaft 21, the disk 22 with a tooth 23-thereon, secured tothe said shaft, a stationary plate bearing a cam-plate 28 with theopposite cams :28 thereon, said cam-plate being arranged parallel to therevolving disk 22, a shaft 33 bearing the disk 29 supporting a ring 29on its face, for controlling said governor valve, radially arranged setsof dogs 30 and 31 in said ring, the dogs 30 being provided with teeth 30on the inner end for engaging with the tooth 23 'on the disk 22 andhaving its left-hand outer end portion cut away at 30, the function ofsaid dogs being to close the governor valve, the dogs 31 being providedwith teeth 31 to be engaged by the tooth 23 of the disk 22 for openingthe governor valve, the said dogs being cut away on the right-hand sideat 31 at their outer ends, the said teeth 30 and Zilbeing beveled ontheir backs to be acted upon by'cams 28- 28 for disengaging them fromthe tooth 23 after a quarter revo-' lutiou; a bifurcated member 15having actuating blocks 17 and 18, the one cut away on the 'right handside at 17 and the other on the left-hand at 18 and embracing theT'clutch mechanism to act upon the said dogs alternately, andconnections from the bifurcated member to the governor Weightmechanismfor controlling the said bifurcated member to act upon the said dogs tothrow them into 5 gear for the transmission of power from the drivingshaft to control the governor valve, all co-acting for the purposespecified.

10. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combinationwith a' casing of a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsivedevice connectedto be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft; agovernor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the saidgovernor valve for actuating the valve intermittently, consistin of thedrivin shaft-bearin a disk D b b i witha tooth thereon, a stationarycam-plate arranged to disengage the dog members from said tooth, a shaftfor controlling said a governor valve, and a plate bearing sets of dogspositioned and arranged to be engaged by the tooth on said shaft; abifurcated member arranged to embrace the said clutch mcchanism'and actwhen moved in one direction on one set of dogs and when moved in theopposite direction on the otherset of dogs, one set of dogsbeing engagedby the said shaft for closing'the governor valve and the other beingengaged by the said toothed member for-opening the said governor valve;

an dconnections from the bifurcatedmember said turbine; a gearing onsaidshaft; a governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing andthe said governor valve for actuating the valve intermittently,consisting of the driving shaft bearing a disk with a tooth thereon, astationary cam-plate arranged to disen a e the dog members from saidtooth, a sha t Iorcontrolling said overnor valve, and a plate bearingsets of ogs positioned and arranged to be engaged by l the tooth on'saidshaft; a shifting device to act upon the said sets of dogs alternately;and connections from the said shifting device to the governorweightmechanism for controlling the said shifting device to act u pon the-saiddogs to throw them into gear for the transmission of power from thedriving shaft to controlthe governor valve, for

the purpose specified.

- 12. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combinationof a suitable casing; a-turbine Wheel therein; a turbine shaftsupportedto revolve in suitable bearings; a

governor connected tobe driven by said turbine shaft; a governor valve;a valve stem connected to said governorvalve; a worm on said turbineshaft; a worm gear to be driven by said Worm, the said worm gear beingmounted on a suitable. shaft; a clutch mechanism arranged to connectthe. said Worm gear shaft to the said valve stem and drive the same inone direction only and means actuated by said governor'for operatingsaid clutch mechanism.

13. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination ofa suitable casiio ing; a turbine wheel Within the casing; a

turbine shaft supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive deviceconnected to be driven by said turbine shaft; a governor valve; arevolubl'e stem connected to operate said governor'valve; a gear on a.suitable shaft driven from said turbine shaft; a clutch mechanismarranged to connect the said shaft to the said stem and drive the samein one direction only; means-connecting with the said speed res onsivedevice to operate the said clutch mecganism.

14. In a governing mechanism for motors, the combination of a clutchmechanism having a rotary actuating member continuously tomaticallycausing the coupling of said in the supply, and means for automaticallyuncoupling said members when said power controlling means has been movedsuficlently to out off or turn on said supply or" power.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set go my hand and seal in thepresence of two witnesses.

CHARLES WiDAKE. [n s]. Witnesses:

LULU GREENFIELD, Gnnrnunn TALLMAN.

